Railway-head.



No. 655,934. Patented Aug. 14, I900.

A W. MATHEWSDN. RAILWAY HEAD.

(Application fild Apr. 11, 1899.)

(No Model.) a 9 Sheets-Sheet W/T/VESSES;

A TTOR/VEY m: NORRIS Pzfzns co. BHOTO-UTHQ, WASHINGTON, a. c,

No. 655,934. Patented Aug. I4, I900. A. W. MATHEWSON.

RAILWAY HEAD.

(Application filed Apr. 11, 1899.1

9 SheetsShet 2.

(No Model.)

lNVENTOR WITNESSES;

A TTOHNEIY m: NORRIS m-sns co?v woTmn-nm wAsnrNcTON, n. c

' No. 655,934. Patented Aug. l4, I900. A. W. MATHEWSON.

RAILWAY HEAD.

(Application filed Apr. 11, 1899.)

9 Sheets-Sheet 3,

(No Model.)

IIVVENTOI? WITNESSES ATTORNEY m: NORms mews to. morammo WASHING-TON. o=c.

No. 655,934. Patented Aug.. [4, I900.

AQW. MATHEWSUN.

RAILWAY HEAD.

' (Application filed. Apr. 11, 1899.) (No Model.)

9 Sheets-Shqat 4.,

. IIIIIHIIIII ll lllllll WITNESSES ATTORNE).

m: NOnms warms 00 Pnorouraa. wAsHmuron. n. c,

No. 655,934 Patented Aug. l4, I900.

A. W. MATHEWSON.

RAILWAY HEAD.

(Application filed Apr. 11 1899.]

9 SheetsSheet 5,

(No Model.)

WITNESSES:

ATTORNEY Patented A'ug. l4, I900. A. W. MATHEWSDN.

RAILWAY HEAD.

(Application filedApr. 11, 1899.)

9 Sheefs$heet 6.

(No Model.)

IHIIIIIIIIIIIRIHIIW *HII'II'IIIIIIIIIIIIHIIIIIR! MIH //V VENTOI?WITNESSES A TTOHNE V THE Norms PUERS cu. PNOYDLITHQ, WASHINGTON, u. c.

No. 655,934. Patented Aug. [4, I900...

A. W. MATHEWSON.

RAILWAY HEAD. (Application filed Apx 11, 1899.!

9 Sheets-Sheet 7 (N0 Model.)

0 INVENTOR- W W WITNESSES fim @3 WM we Norms Pzraas co. PMOTO-LITHQ.wnsummon. a c

Patented Auu. I4, 1900.

A. w. 'MATHEWSON.

RAILWAY HEAD. (Application filed Apr. 11, 1899.)

9 sheets sheet a,

(No Modql.)

W/TNESSES:

ATTORNEY No. 655,934. Patented ug. I4, 1900'. A. w. MATHEYWSUN.

RAILWAY HEAD. (Application filed Apr. 11, 1899.) (No Model.) 9Sheets-Sheet 9.

mill!!! Hulum" WITNESSES .7 //V vmr'ol? g a, V 7 ATTORNEY lTF ARTHUR w.MATHEWSON, on Lnwrs'ron, MAINE, ASSIGNOR or ONE-HALF TO HERBERT L.PRATT, or SAME PLACE.

RAILWAY-HEAD.

SPEGIFIOATIQN forming part of Letters Patent No. 655,934, dated August14, 1900. Application filed April 11, 1899. Serial No. 712,612. (Nomodel.)

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, ARTHUR W. MATHEW- soN, a citizen of the UnitedStates, and a resident of Lewiston, in the county of Androscoggin andState of Maine, have invented certain new and useful Improvements inRailway-Heads, of which the followingis a specification.

My improvements, while applicable in whole or in part to the variousforms of rail way-heads heretofore in use, are designed with moreespecial reference to the form of railway-head which is illustrated anddescribed in United States Letters Patent No.

565,084, that were granted to me August 4,

1896, their object being to simplify the construction of this generalclass of machine and while making them more compact in form andsensitive in operation to render them more efficient and reliable inaction than has been possible with machines of this class as heretoforeconstructed. To accomplish all of this and to secure other and furtheradvantages in the matters of construction, operation, and use, myinvention consists, first, in the means through which the front or lastpair of drawing-rolls and the calender-rolls are operated from the maindriving-shaft of the machine; second, in an evener mechanism and in themeans through which the back pairs of drawing-rolls are operated fromthe cone-pulley of the machine and the speed of rotation of these pairsautomatically varied in their speed with respect to the speed of thefront pair of drawing-rolls as the condition of the material passingthrough the machine may demand; third, in mechanism through which thetrumpets are counterbalanced and devices through which this mech- 4oanism is both thrown out of operation when the weight thereon has beenmoved in either direction beyond certain limits and afterward broughtback into operation-when the weight is' retracted therefrom; fourth,'inevener drums or pulleys and in the appliances through which the beltpassing over them is maintained at a uniform tension at any position towhich it maybe adjusted; fifth, in means through which the stop-motionof the machine is operated, and, sixth,

in' varions other novel and useful constructions and combinations ofdevices, all as will hereinafter more fully appear.

In the accompanying drawings, which form a part of this specification,Figure 1 is afront elevation of a railway-head constructed in accordancewith my invention, certain of the protectors for the gearing being shownin section; Fig. 2, arear elevation thereof showing in like manner theprotectors in section; Fig. 3, a top or plan view of the machine withone of the gear-protectors omitted and the outer wall of the other shownin section; Fig. 4, a vertical View, partly in section and partly inelevation, taken in the line a a; in Fig. 3; Fig. 5, a horizontal view,partly in section and partly in plan, taken in the plane 9 g of Fig. 4;Fig. 6, a horizontal detail plan, also taken in the plane y y of Fig. 4,but on an enlarged scale, with some of the parts shown in Fig. 5 7oomitted; Fig. '7, a vertical section of the parts shown in Fig. 6, takenin the plane a z of that figure; Fig. 8, a reverse plan view, indiagrammatic form, of the evener-scroll or snailwheel through which thebelt is automatically adjusted upon the evener drums or pulleys; Fig. 9,a detail plan showing the evener-belt shifter and the means by Which-itis supported and guided; Fig. 10, a side elevation of one of theroll-stands, showing the ends of drawing-rolls mounted therein andcertain of the gears through which a portion of these rolls are rotatedat the required speed; Fig. 11, a side elevation of the other of therollstands, showing the other ends of the drawing-rolls and certain ofthe gears through which the remainder of these rolls are rotated attheir required speed; Fig. 12, an isometric projection of the weight andlever through which the counterbalancing of the trumpet is effected,showing also a portion of the protector in section and the adjustablepins or projections for cooperating with the lever when the weightthereon is moved beyond certain limits in either direction; Fig. 13, atransverse section of the lever and screw, taken in the plane Q) o ofFig.12, with the weight shown in elevation; Fig. 14c, a side elevationof the counterbalancing-weight detached from the lever; Fig. 15, a sideelevamo tion of the rear trumpet and its supportingstand with a portionof the rod by which this 6o 4 insure a uniform speed of the frontdrawingtrumpet is connected with the front trumpet; Fig. 16, a back viewof the rear trumpet detached from its stand, but showinga portion of itssupporting pivots or centers; Fig. 17,a side elevation of aslightly-modified construction of rear trumpets; Fig. 18, a back viewthereof; Fig. 19, a side elevation of a slightlymodified form ofmechanism for maintaining a uniform tension upon the evener-belt as itis adjusted back and forth upon the evener drums or pulleys; and Fig.20, a reverse view of a slightly-modified arrangement of parts formoving theevener-belt shifter back and forth upon its guide as therequirements of the machine when in operation may demand.

In all the figures like characters are employed to designatecorresponding parts.

A Aindicate the side brackets orstandards, B the top or table secured onthe standards at their upper ends, and O the main drivingshaft, throughwhich the various parts of the machine are operated, the driving-shaftbeing provided at one of its ends with a fast pulley c and a loosepulley c. The side brackets or standards A are or may be of any approvedconstruction and design and are preferably provided with suitablebearings a for the main driving-shaft C, said side brackets forming,with the table B, the main framing of the machine.

The front drawing-rolls are indicated at b, the back drawing-rolls at1), b and b and the calender-rolls at d. The drawing-rolls are arrangedin pairs, with the upper roll of each pair pressed against its companionunder roll by a weight Z), that is suspended therefrom by a suitablesaddle or link 19 as shown in Figs. 1, 2, and 4, one or more of saidWeights having a spring or springs b interposed between it or them andthe said saddle or'saddles, if desired. The calender-rolls d are in likemanner held in contact by pressure, as iscommon to this class ofmachines,

and these rolls and the front drawing-rolls b are driven by the maindriving shaft 0 through connections as follows: D indicates a verticalshaft mounted in suitable bearings supported by one of the said bracketsof the machine and having a bevel-gear d at its lower end meshing with abevel-gear d on shaft C. This shaft D is also provided with a bevel-geard at its upper end meshing with a bevel-gear (1 which is rotativel ycarried by astudd supported by the frame of the machine. Mounted torotate with the gear (1 is a spur-gear 01 (see Figs. 1 and 3,) whichmeshes with spur-gears d d secured to the lower shafts of the pairs offront drawingrolls and calender-rolls, respectively. These connections,as will be readily understood,

rolls and the calender-rolls under all conditions. The backdrawing-rolls b b b on the other hand, while receiving motion from themain driving-shaft O, are connected and arranged to have their speed ofrotation auto.- matically varied relatively to the speed of r0-peculiarly-constructed evener mechanism,

which will now be described.

E indicates a cylindrical drum, which is mounted to turn in or onsuitable bearings e and is driven at a uniform rate of speed from themain driving-shaft, according to the speed of the latter, by means ofthe train of gears c e 6 as shown in Figs. 1, 2, and 4.

F indicates a conical drum, which is mounted to turn in suitablebearingsf, carried by the frame A, and is provided on one end of itssupporting-shaft with a bevel-gear f, that intermeshes with a secondbevel-gearf secured to the lower end of a vertical shaft f which in turnis provided at its upper end with a bevel-gear f that intermes'hes witha corresponding bevel-gear f preferably secured to the end of the lowerdrawing-roll of the extreme back pair Z9 to which the material passingthrough the machine is delivered.

The cylindrical drum E and conical drum F are connected by an endlessbelt G, and as the drum F is operated by the drum E through the belt thespeed of the drum F relatively to that of the drum E and the speed ofthe back pairs of drawing-rolls relatively to the speed of the frontpair and the calender-rolls will depend, as is obvious, upon theposition of the endless belt G longitudinally upon these drums. Thespeed of the back drawing-rolls being thus dependent upon the positionoccupied by thebelt G along the drums E and F, any required variation inthe speed of the back rolls relatively to thc speedof the frontdrawing-rolls may be effected by simply shifting this beltlongitudinally thereditions of the material passing through the.

machine may require, various means may be employed. I prefer, however,to make use of a disk I, which is provided on its under surface with anarrow scroll-flange g and is supported by a plate or deck K and againstthe under side thereof. This plate or deck K is secured at two of itsedges to the frameb-rackets A and, extending across'from one to theotherof said brackets, constitutes, with the disk I, an effective shieldfor preventing the dropping of oil or other lubricant upon the belt Gand drums E and F, which are disposed below it, the said plate or deckbeing made either plain or dish-shaped, as may be found the mostdesirable. As thus arranged a circular orifice t is formed in the plateor deck K, which orifice receives an annular neck 7t, formed on. theunderside of a circu-- lar rim or wheel L, and to the lower end ofother.

this neck the disk I is secured by screws 7L2. (See Fig. 7.) The wheelLbeing thus disposed rests on the plate or deck K around the orifice t'thereof and is adapted to rotate thereon, being formed with an externalannular recess Z and with radial teeth It on its upper face, thefunction of which latter will be presently explained. With the disk Isupported by the plate or deck K and capable of a rotary motionrelatively thereto, as explained, the required movement of thescroll-flange 9 carried thereby may be effected by simply rotating theratchet-wheel L in one or the other directions, as may be required.

Resting upon the plate K, as shown in Figs.

6 and 7, is a ring or annulus K, which is formed with a flange le thatenters the recess t of the ratchet-wheel L and is provided with twostuds 76, that are adjustably secured in slots formed in said annulus,as indicated by dotted lines in Fig. 6. Mounted on the studs 7c arepawls 7c, that are preferably though not necessarily arranged facingeach These pawls are adapted to engage with the teeth h of the wheel Lwhen permitted to do so, as presently explained, in order to move thesaid wheel, and consequently the scroll-flange, in either direction, thesaid annulus K and its pawls 70 being given a rotary reciprocatingmovement by means of a pitman k connecting the annulus K with aneccentric Z. (See Figs. 4 and 5.) A gear l on the vertical shaft Dmeshes with a gear Z mounted to rotate on or wit-h a short stud suitablysupported by the plate K, the eccentric Z being operatively connectedwith said gear Z thus providing for the constant rotary reciprocatingmotion of the annulus and its pawls.

For holding either or both of the pawls 7c out of engagement with theteeth h of the ratchet-ring L when the ring and with it thescroll-flange g, which operates the shifter O for the belt G, ashereinafter described, are to remain stationary and permit of theirengagement therewith when the ring and scroll are to be rotated ineither direction various means maybe employed. The means which I havefound the most eflicient for this purpose consists of shields orbaffle-plates Z Z, one for each pawl, which are arranged to extendbetween the pawls and the teeth 72, as indicated in Figs. 5 and 6. Theseplates are preferably connected or formed integrally with a frame M,which, suit-ably journaled upon a stud m, that extends upward from thedisk I, is provided with a curved or arched portion which rests upon andsupports the frame from a center m, secured in and extending from saidstud, as best shown in Fig. 7. As thus supported and arranged this frameM is capable of an oscillatory motion upon and around itssupporting-stud 17;. independently of the disk I. l/Vhen the frame M isin its normal posit-ionas, for instance, when the material passingthrough the machine is of the proper size to make a sliver of therequired cross-section and weight the shields or baffle-plates will beheld beneath the pawls It It,

and in these positions the latter will be compelled to ride in theirshort backward and forward movements upon the upper surfaces of shieldsand their engagement with the teeth h of the ratchet L therebyprevented. When, on the other hand, the material passing through themachine is above or below the required size and weight, then the frame Mwill be swung in the required direction upon its supporting-stud m tobring the appropriate shield or baffle-plate from under a portion of theback-and-forth travel of its cooperating pawl, allowing such pawl todrop down into engagement with the proper tooth of the ratchet-wheel Lto cause this wheel and' through it the disk I, the flange g, and thebelt-shifter O to move in the required direc tion to properly regulatethe speeds of rotation of the back and front drawing-rolls to produce asliver of the standard size.. It will thus be evident that in order tocontrol or regulate the engagement of the pawls with the teeth allthatis necessary is to effect the movements of the shields orbaffle-plates in such manner as to move them more or less from under oneor the other of the pawls, and this is accomplished by simply swingingthe frame M upon its pivot at the required time and in the requireddirection.

To accomplish the swinging movements of the frame M automatically as therequirements of the material passing through the machine may demand,various means may be employed. I prefer, however, to make use of thematerial-guiding trumpets N and S for that purpose, as thereby I amenabled to avail of the variations in the size and weight of thematerial to effect the required movements both before and after suchmaterial passes the drawing-rolls.- When this form of mechanism isemployed for the purpose, the trumpet N is preferably arranged in rearof the calender-rolls cl, being fixedly secured to a'shaft n, which,rotatably mounted upon the frame of the machine byabearing n at one endand a pivot or center n at the other, is connected with the frame Mthrough the intermediaries of the arm n and connecting-rod 71 Thetrumpet S, on the other hand, is arranged in rear of the extreme rearpair 12 of the back drawing-rolls and, connected with the trumpet Nthrough the connecting-rod .9, whereby to swing back and forth in unisontherewith, is adjustablysupported upon pivots or centers 14 in a standor bracket 15, which in .turn is adj ustably secured to the upper sideof the top or table Bby a screw 15*. By this arrangement, as will beseen, any swinging or tilting movement of the trumpets toward or awayfrom their cooperating rolls will be communicated through the shaft 12,arm n, and connectingrod n to the frame M and the particular pawl 70answering to such movement thereby brought into or carried out ofengagement with the teeth h of the wheel L, as the requirements of thatmovement may demand. In order, therefore, to cause the proper tiltingmovements of these trumpets toward and away from their respectivecooperating rolls by variations in the size and weight of the materialpassing through either or both of them, I provide' thecounterbalancing-weight P, which is supported upon the arm P, that isfixedly secured to the shaft 72 and serves to hold the trumpets in theirnormalpositions when the material passing through them is of the propersize and Weight, while yet permitting of their tilting forward towardtheir respective cooperating-rolls when the size and weight of thematerial passing through either of them are increased in size beyond acertain limit and causing them to tilt backward-in an opposite directionaway from said rolls when the size and weight of such material passingtherethrough are reduced below the standard. As a result of this and ofthe connection of the trumpets with the shields or battle-plates throughthe frame M when the trumpets are held in their normal positions by thecounterbalancing-weight P, as is the case, for instance, when thematerial passing through both of the trumpets is of the proper size andweight, the shields or bailieplates will be similarly held in a centralposition with respect to their limits of travel, and neither of thepawls will be allowed thereby to engage with the teeth h of the wheel L.hen, on the other hand, the trumpets are tilted from these normalpositions, either toward or away from their respective cooperatingrolls, by any increase or decrease in the size and weight of thematerial passing through either of them, then by such movement theshields or baffle-plates will be moved around over the wheel L in one orthe other direction and the appropriate'pawl 7c will be brought intoengagement with the teeth 71/ to move such wheel in the requireddirection. The size and weight of the material having been restored tothe standard, the trumpets will be returned to their normalpositions,carrying with them the shields or baffle-plates, the effect ofwhich will be to withdraw the pawl from engagement with the teeth of theWheel L, and thereby render them inoperative for the time being. Inthese positions the parts will remain until a further variation in thesize and weight of the material passing through the machine occurs, whena further tilting movement of the trumpets will be caused and themovement of parts above specified repeated, and so on, the variation inthe size and weight of the material passing through the railway-head bytheir operation upon either of the trumpets controlling the movements ofthe shields or battle-plates, and hence the movements of the disk I.

The disk I, supported and operated substantially as above explained, isconnected with a belt-shifter O, which is .fitted' to slide size andweight.

upon suitable guide-rods 0 0,eXtending across from one of theframe-brackets A to the other. For making this connection variousarrangements of parts may be adopted. In the form shown in Fig. 9,however, the connection consists, essentially, of a pair of uprightstuds 0, which extend upward from the body of the shifter 0,-and locatedon opposite sides of the scroll-shaped flange g are supplied withsuitable antifriction-rolls o for immediate contact therewith. The studs0 are preferably mounted on a swivel plate 0 that is socketed in thebody of the shifter O,where' by to allow of the rolls always assuming aposition at right angles to the curve of the flange to avoid cramping ofthe parts. By this arrangement, as will be seen, the movement of theshifter 0 along the guide-rods 0 and the movement of the belt G, withwhich the shifter engages, longitudinally upon drums E and F arecontrolled and effected by rotating the disk I in eitherdirection,which, according to the construction and connections so farexplained, is effected from or by either or both of the trumpets throughthe ratchetwheel L and cooperating pawls 7c, the extent and direction ofsuch movement being regulated by the conditions of the material and theultimate effect of the arrangement being to diminish the draft upon thematerial or to increase it the instant that any change is renderednecessary byits condition.

IVhen but a single trumpet is used in rear of the calender-rolls, as N,the counterbalancing-weight P may be fixedly secured in its properadjusted position upon the bar P by a set-screw or other convenientmeans when determined. When, on the other hand, a second trumpet isemployed in rear of the back rolls, it is necessary that thecounterbalancing-weight P, instead of being fixedly secured in place,should be automatically adjusted along the arm P, and means whereby itmay be thus adjusted, as the variation in the size and weight of thematerial passing to the trumpetsvmay demand, is required. The meanswhereby this result is accomplished may be of various forms. I prefer,however, to avail of the evener mechanism for the purpose'and to soconnect it with the counterbalance weight P that when the trumpets aremoved in either direction from their normal positions and the speed ofthe back drawing-rolls varied with respect to the speed of the frontdrawing-rolls through the mechanism above described thecounterbalance-weight will be simultaneously adjusted to increase ordiminish the tendency of the trumpets to return to their normalpositions, according as the material passing through the machine isabove or below the required To permit of this automatic adjustmentof thecounterbalance-weight P by the evener mechanism, one end of the shaft 11in the preferred embodiment of my invention is formed as or with a yoke19 from which the bar P, that receives and carries which is ormay besupplemented at the end sonable friction of the material in thetrumpets, and in order to aid inadjusting the counterbalancing devicesto any required friction of the material passiugtherethrough I find itconvenient to employ the weight 12 which is capable of adjustmentoutward and inward upon the arm ni that is secured to the shaft n,on theside thereof opposite to that of the bar P, the said weightbeing held inadjusted position thereon by a clamp-screw, as shown. The balancing orcounterbalancing being effected when the trumpet S is in middleposition, it is manifest that any slight travel of the weight P ineither direction upon its bar will disturb the equilibrium and permit orcause the trumpets to swing in a corresponding direction.

Q is the adjusting-screw passing through the weight P and engaging thesame, the screw. being suitably journaled at one end in a portion of thebar and at the other in the yoke 19 through which the bar is applied tothe rocker-shaft n, a bevel-gear gbeing attached to the end of the screwwhich projects through the yoke. The adjusting-screw is actuated by therotation of the diskl, for which purpose the periphery ofthe said. diskis supplied with teeth, as indicated. These teeth engage with those of agear-wheel Q, interposed between the disk I and a pinion q upon thelower end of a shaft Q which shaft is supplied with a bevel-gear g atits upper end, arranged to intermesh with the bevelgear g on the end ofthe screw Q. In practice the gears g and g are arranged in such aposition with respect to the axis of the shaft n that the meshing of theteeth thereof will be in line therewith, and the oscillation of thisshaft to any required extent may be effected without danger of throwingthem out of engagement. From the foregoing it will thus be seen that asthe trumpets are forced from their normal positions by any increasedfriction of the material within either of them and the speed of the backdrawing-rolls decreased with respect to the speed of the frontdrawing-rolls through the operation of the evener mechanism, to increasethe draft of the same the adjusting-screw will be turned by theconnections described in a direction to force the weight P along its baraway from the shaft 71, the result of which will be to increase theleverage of this weight upon the trumpets, and thereby increase thetendency of the latter to return toward their normal positions. On theother hand, when the trumpets are moved in the opposite direction suchweight will be shifted toward the shaft and the return of the trumpetsto their normal posit-ions by the material passing through it moreeasily effected. Thus, as will be seen, the material being treated isitself made to determine and regulate the size and weight. of the sliverproduced, and this whether the variations in the material delivered tothe machine are large or small or are of extended or restricted lengths.

As sometimesoccurs, the condition of the in aterial passing through themachine may be such, from accident or other causes, as to pre clude thepossibility of the evener mechanism being able to properly even it andproduce a sliver of the required size andweight, and in such case orwhen the mass of material breaks before it reaches the rear trumpet S itis plain that a continuing movement of the screw Q would force thecounterbalanceweight P too far in one direction or the other,- to thedamage of the machine. To prevent the possibility of such damagingaction, I

employ a pair of studs R R, which may be conveniently located in thewall of the pro.- tector R at the required distance apart or otherwisesustained, and provide the weight P with an inclined rib 7', which isarranged to contact with one or the other of these studs when near thelimit of its travel in either direction.. As thus arranged this ribwill, as shown in Fig. 12, ride upon the stud R as the' weight is drawntoward the shaft '11,, with the effect of turning said shaft so as tobring the proper shield or baffle-plate under its pawl, while, on theother hand, it will ride under stud R as the weight is forced in the opposite direction, with the similar effect of turning the other shield orbaffle-plate under its pawl, in either case stopping the furtheroperation of the evener mechanism and the further turning of the screw,with the con sequent effect of obviating the breakage of parts or otherdamage thereto.

As a further preventive to the breaking of parts in the event of eitherof the studs R R being absent, I find it convenient to reduce the sizeof each end 136 of the screw-rod Q, whereby the weight P may be run offits thread after it has traversed along the same beyond certain limitsin either direction. On the other hand, to insure of this weight runningonto the thread of the screw-rod after having been run off the same andthe direction of rotation of such rod reversed I makeuse of a coiledspring 19 on each of the reduced portions, which is adapted to actagainst the weight and force itback into engagement with such threadwhen the screwrod is rotated in the proper direction;

' therethrough in piecing up the end, as it The connection of the twotrumpets N and S when both are employed is represented in Figs. 3, 4,15, and 16, and consists of a rod 3, the front end of which is pivotallyconnected with the front trumpet-arm above its pivotal point, while itsrear end is provided with an extension in which is formed a slot 8communicating with a recess 5 at its inner end. A pin or bolt 8,projecting laterally from an upright 3 which forms a part of the pivotalframe of the trumpet S, is normally contained in the recess 3 and hencethe two trumpets must move together as long as the pin 8 is withinthe'recess 5 but whenever the operator desires to withdraw the reartrumpet S from its normal proximity to the drawingrolls, as when thematerial is to be threaded is sometimes called, or when he desires. toswing the front trumpet N back from the calender-rolls for a likepurpose without disturbing the back trumpet S, all that is necessary onhis part is to slightly lift the rear end of the bar 8 to bring the slot.9 into line with the pin 8, when either trumpet may bemovedindependently of the other. Whilethus the two trumpets N and S areshown as connected so as to move back and forth together and in unison,this connection is not essential, but has been adopted in theexemplification of the invention as a convenient arrangementforconnecting the rear trumpet S with the evener mechanism, and instead ofbeing connected thereto through the trumpet N it may, as is obvious, beconnected to it through means that are independent thereof; but whateverthis connection may be I prefer to make use of the several weightsbefore referred to to balance and counterbalance the friction onbothtrumpets, as well as the weights of the various parts with which thesetrumpets are connected or made to coact.

If the increase and decrease in the friction of the material passingthrough trumpet S, due to increments and decrements in the size andweight of the material, were directly proportional to such increments ordecrements, or if the movement of the weight P along its arm Pmaintained a similar proportion to the movement of the belt G upon thedrums to correct it the snail-wheel g or its equivalent might be madeuniform or made to produce a uniform shifting of the belt. I have found'in practice, however, that this increase and decrease in the frictionbears no proportion to the increments and decrements in the size andweight of the material and that the same is true respecting themovements of the weight along its arm and of the belt upon the drums. Asa consequence of this if the belt-shifter be made to travel uniformlythe movements of the trumpets back to their nor- 7 mal positions afterhaving been deflected therefrom is not wholly accomplished and thedefect sought to be remedied by such deflection is more or lesscontinued. To obviate this and to insure of the return of the I prefer,however, to employ the curve or cam,

which has been laid out on differentiated radii, as above explained,with the connections to impart a gradually increasing or decreasingcha'ngein the relative speed of rotation of the rear drawing-rolls withrespect to that of the front drawing-rolls, accordingly as the variationinmaterial delivered to therailwayhead is aboveor below the standardsize. By the arrangement and connections shown also, as will be seen,the travel of the weight P along its arm will be at all times relativelyproportionate to and in correspondence with the variations in speedproduced in the drawing-rolls, and it Will therefore afford thenecessary counterbalance to the trumpets when the latter are deflectedfrom their normal positions, so that with the variations in speedreferred to the drawing delivered will be of the standard size andweight.

By arrangingdevices for controlling the movements of the evenermechanism in rear as well as in front of the drawing-rolls, upon 5 rialby variations in the material before it enters the drawing-rolls, but itis also brought into-operation to effect that action by variationsappearing in the same after it passes those rolls, the result of whichis the produc-' tion of a drawing of uniform size and weight, providedthe tendency of the said devices to return to their normal positions ismade equal to their deflecting force. Tith the front trumpet thisequalization is effected, as will be understood, by changing the speedof rotation of the rear drawing-rolls with respect to that of the frontdrawing-rolls by the evener mechanism, whereby the material deliveredfrom them is increased or decreased in size and weight to restore it toits proper normal condition, accordingly as the deflecting force actingupon this trumpet is in a direction away from or toward thecalender-rolls, the weight P serving as the deflecting force in theformer direction and the increased friction, due to the enlargedmaterial passing through the trumpet, serving as the deflecting force inthe' material passing through this trumpet causes a sufficientdeflection thereof to set into opera tion the evener mechanism tocorrect it in the resulting drawing and the variation continued, aswould be the case, for instance, where the product of one of the cardsof the series has been added or withdrawn ,the deflection of suchtrumpet would likewise be continued and the evener mechanism maintainedin operation to reduce or increase the size and weight of the drawingindefinitely, accordingly as the variation in the size and weight of thematerial entering it was above or below the standard. To obviate this,the flange g, which constitutes the volute snail-wheel on the under sideof disk I and through which the belt-shipper of the evener mechanism isoperated, is preferably laid out substantially after the manner depictedin Fig. 8-that is, the radii to points at different angular distancesfrom each other are differentiated as to length, the differentiationdecreasing rapidly at the inner portion of the curve, butincreasinggradually as its outer extremity is approached.

With the drums E and F both constructed 'in the form of cones andarranged with the larger end of one opposite the smaller end of theother, as heretofore, a belt-shifter for each drum is essential, whichin order to permit of the otherbeing operativeis compelled to travel inits movementalongitsdrumin a plane parallel to the axis ofthe latter.Moreover, with the drums as thus constructed the speed of travel oftheir connecting-belt, as well as the amount of surface with which itfrictionally engages on the driving-drum, is constantly being-varied,and as a consequence of these the amount of the slip of the belt on thedrivingdrum is similarly varied, being slight when on its larger end andconsiderable when on its smaller end. By constructing the driving-drum Ein the form of a cylinder, on the other hand, while the driven drum F isleft in the form of a cone, not only are the objections pointed outobviated and both the speed at which the belt G travels and itsfrictional hold upon the drum E made uniform at all times, but one ofthe belt-shifters may be dispensed with and the other so disposed as tooperate with greater efficiency. The beltshifter 0 thus retained, ofwhatever form it may be, I arrange to travel in a plane parallel to thesurface of the conical drum F, whereby to maintain it in closerelationship to the face of such drum at all points of its traverse, andto this end the guide-rods 0 0, upon which it is mounted, instead ofextending across from one of the side brackets of the machine to theother in planes parallel to the axis of the drum, are arranged to extendacross from one of such side brackets to the other in planes parallel toits face, as shown in Fig. 4. I

All the advantages of adjustment of the cone-belt shifter, beforereferred to, by use of the peculiar snail-wheel bearing against thesamegencral plan as explained for the snailflange on the under side ofdisk I. In this form the yoke O is practically the same as the yoke O inFig. 9, though having slightly different outlines. A belt T or twosections of belt united at the yoke O extend from the inner portion ofthe cam upon a part of its surface back around a pulley t, suitablysustained from the side bracket of the machine or otherwise, thence toits connection with the yoke, as at i, thence around another pulley 15similar to pulley t, and its extremity connected with the outer portionof the cam. The arrangement being as thus indicated, it is plain that asthe cam is rotated in one direction or the other it will through the applied belt move the yoke in the manner re-- .quired, and thisconstruction and arrangement of the mechanism is an equivalentmodificationofthatbeforedescribed. In this modified form it is preferredto use a steel belt; but a chain or cord may be employed, if

desired. Other and further modifications of the means for imparting avariable traverse to the belt may be adopted, as is obvious; but thoseabove described are believed to be sufficient to disclose the nature ofmy invention sofar as this feature extends and illustration anddescription of other forms thereof are considered unnecessary.

Aside from shifting the belt in the manner described it is necessary toprovide means for keeping the belt at a working tension, no matter towhat position it may be shiftedor how much it may stretch, and thisshould be effected automatically without increasing the power requiredto drive the belt. To accomplish this result, I preferably journal theends of the axis of the cylindrical drum E in an automaticallyadjustablecradle, the side arms of which are composed of two parts 1 and 2,adjustable one on the other to permit of the employment ofdifferent-sized gears 6 the parts 1 carrying the bearings e for the axisof the drum, before referred to, and the lower parts 2, being in angularform, are journaled upon the shaft which carries the gear-wheel 6through which power is communicated to the drum E. A weight 3 is thisarrangement the tendency of the weights is always to elevate the outerends of the arms, and thus to swing the drum E away from the cone drum.F, thereby keeping the belt always taut between the two, no matter whatits position may be.

When the belt is tions, as above explained, more direct appli cation ofthe weight may be made to the cradle, as indicated in Fig. 19. .In thisform a weight 8 is mounted on a journaled arm 9, having a segment of agear 10 arranged to engage a gear 11, connected with the cradlearm. Thisweight has a constant tendency to swing the cradle back or toward theleft, as shown in said Fig. 19, and thus to hold the cylindrical drumwith the belt under tension for the purposes before explained. In bothforms the tightening of the belt is automatically effected by moving}the drum E and the strain upon the belt is uniform at all points of itstraverse.

As shown in Figs. 15 and 16, the rear trumpet is preferably sustainedupon the top plate or table in a swinging bow, of which 12 is thevertical arm and 13 the horizontal connecting or cross piece betweenthem, the shell of the trumpet being affixed to the upper ends of thearms in any suitable manner. In my preferred form of construction thebow is pivoted or centered on each side by the center 14, which isadjustable in lugs of a stand or bracket 15, anchored to the top plateor table of the machine by a screw 15*, and made Vertically adjustableby a screw 17 passing therethrough. Set-screws 16, passing through afront projection in the horizontal portion 13, arearranged to contactwith the bed or table, and thus to determine the ultimate limits oftravel of the bow or yoke, and therefore of the sustained trumpet, in aforward direction.

It has been found that not only does the cotton absorb moisture withincreased humidity of the air, but itthen also condenses more easily, sothat more would pass through the trumpet than under other conditions, asit has likewise been found that the quantity which passes through isalso affected by different degrees of heat. To compensate for thesevariations due to heat and humidity, I

make the lower jaw of the trumpet somewhat similar to that in Patent No.565,084; but instead of having a lever opening arrangement I supply asecond yoke or bow, made of brass or some material having a greatercapacity for expansion and contraction under various temperatures thanhas the-iron of which the trumpet is made. This bow is shown at 18 andrests on the cross-piece 13 of the trumpet bow or yoke, beforedescribed, through a setscrew 19, tapped through its central piece,being adapted to contract the opening in the trumpet or permit of thelower jaw thereof to fall back or down to enlarge it, as circumstancesmay require. As thus constructed each of the legs is bored outthroughout a portion of its length, and each has a portion of its sidesremoved in the form of a slot 19 to allow a circulation of air throughthe bored-out portion, in which are placed rods 20, of wood or otherappropriate material that is acted upon by hygrometric changes in theatmosphere and respectively expands and contracts as the moisturetherein increases and diminishes. The lower ends of these rods bear uponthe bottom of the cavities in the legs of the bow, and their upper endsbear against projections 21, with which the ad justable jaw of thetrumpet is supplied, the said projections extending down into the legsof the bow with a loose lit to provide for free expansion andcontraction. Loosefitting I pins 22, entering the bottom of this how,hold the latter in lateral position on the crosspieces 13. With thisconstruction and arrangement any change in the temperature orhygrometric condition of the air which will affect the cotton will alsoaffect the rods 20 and the how 18, closing or opening the mouth of thetrumpet as the cotton is increased or diminished in weight or thicknessby changes in temperature and humidity.

There are various other constructions by which the desirable result ofopening and closing the aperture in the trumpet can be secured whileusing substantially the same principles as above explained. Forinstance,as indicated in Figs. 17 and 18, the lower jaw vided with a pocket orcavity in which a block 23 of suitable substance of the character ofthat employed in the rods 20 is located and material to pass over. Asthus arranged any expansion or contraction of the block 23, as ismanifest, will cause the plate 24 to be protruded into or withdrawn fromthe interior of the trumpet, and thereby to reduce or increase the sizeof the aperture in the trumpet, as is the case with the rods and bow 20and 18 in the construction shown in Figs. 16 and 17. l/Vhile this is animportant and prominent feature of my invention,it is not indispensableto the remainder of the machine, which may be provided with other formsof trumpetsas, for instance, those contemplated by Patent No. 565,084,or with trumpets of the ordinary construction.

With the parts above described I provide means whereby the maindriving-belt may be automatically shipped from the fast drivingpulley oto the loose pulley c the instant that the mass of material passing tothe nfachine is broken and the operation of the machine thereby arrestedto be started again by the operator as soon as this break has beenrepaired. To this end the shipper-arm 25,which carries the belt-spanner,is pivoted at about its middle point to a stand or bracket 26, securedto one of the frame-brackets A,with the upper end of this arm jointed toa shipperrod 27, mounted in stationary rests 28 29, secured to the rearedge of the table or top B and through which it may move back and forthfar enough to communicate the requisite of the trumpet may be made rigidand pro;

over which is placed a plate of iron 24 for the IIO amount of movementto the shipper-arm 25. To the outer side of this rod is pivoted alatch-piece 30, which extends through the rests 28 or is otherwisearranged to engage therewith by its notched portion 31, whilecooperating therewith is a spring 34, of sufficient strength for thepurpose which connects at one end with such rod and at the other withsome stationary portion, as with the rest 29. When the latch is inengagement with rest 28, the shipper-rod will hold the driving-belt uponthe fast driving-pulley o. On the other hand, when the latch-piece israised, so as to disengage the notched portion thereof, then the spring34 will act by its resiliency to draw the rod along in the rests 28 and29, and through the connections described ship the belt over to theloose pulley c.

To trip the latch at the instant desired, I have devised the simplemeans shown and next to be described; but these may be replaced byothers of an equivalent form, if desired.

Fixedly secured upon shaft D is an eccentric 35, which communicates areciprocating movement to a rod or bar 36, which is pivoted at one endto the band of the eccentric, whereby to permit of a universal movementbeing given thereto, and is sustained at its opposite end by a rockinglever 37, that is piv oted at 37 the said lever being supplied with apin 38, which enters adownwardly-inclined slot 39 in the end of suchbar. As long as the rocking lever 37 is free at its upper end theeccentric 35 will cause the bar 36 to move backward and forward and thelever 37 to rock without any other effect; but the instant the rockinglever is arrested, as it will be when the mass of material passing tothe machine breaks, then the retracting movement of bar 36 will compelits outer slotted end to ride up on the pin 38 and be thereby elevated.The outer end of this bar being thus moved is provided with anadjustable block or shoe 40, which may be set to contact with the end oflatch-piece 30, and as a result thereof the latter will be raised orknocked off as the outer end of this bar is thus raised and thedriving-belt shipped from the fast to the loose pulley the instant thisrocking lever 37 is arrested. To accomplish the stoppage of the movementof this rocking lever by the breaking of the mass of material passing tothe machine, this material is made to ride over a pivoted lever 41 asitis drawn into the rolls. This lever is provided at its lower end witha hooked portion 41 for engaging the upper end 37 of rocking lever 37and is so mounted and arranged that as the material bears upon its topthe pressure thereon will be sufficient to hold the hooked end out ofthe path of movement of the upper end 37 of the rocking lever 37, butpermit of its dropping down and engaging with the upper end of therocking lever when this pressure is removed by the breaking of the massof such material passing to the machine, and thereby bringing intoaction the other parts, as before explained.

To enable the operator to shift the belt from the loose to the fastpulley to start the machine, I provide a shaft 49, which is mounted insuitable bearings secured to the frame of the machine and having handles50 at its upper end. The lower end of this shaft 49 is provided with anarm 51, fixedly secured thereto and loosely connected at its outer orfree end to the shipper-rod 27. As thus ar ranged when the operatorwishes to ship the belt from the loose to the fast pulleyhe simplyoscillates the shaft 49 through one of the handles 50, andthereby causesthe arm 51 thereon to slide the shipper-rod 27 along in the rests 28 and29 until the notch 31 of latch 30 engages its stop 28.

For operatively connecting the rear pairs of drawing-rolls b b N,whereby to insure of their proper relative rotation with respect to oneanother, various arrangements of gearing may be employed. I prefer,however, to connect the under roll of the pair b with the under roll ofthe pair 12 through the intermediary of a gear b which intermeshes withboth a gear b on the former roll and with a gear 11 on the latter roll,and to similarly connect the under roll of the pair I) to the same rollof the pair b through the instrumentality of a gear D which likewiseintermeshes with a gear Z1 and a gear W, with which these lastmentionedrollsare respectively pro vided. To impart the necessary rotation tothese rolls, I find it convenient to employ the gear f which, ashereinbefore described, is secured to the lower roll of the pair 6 andis driven bythe shaft f While 1 have shown but four pairs ofdrawing-rolls, it is to be understood that a greater or lesser number ofpairs may be employed, if desired.

It is to be understood that the words front and rear as hereinbeforeused in connection with the trumpets and drawing rolls are employed inthe-sense that the material enters the machine at the rear and thesliver leaves it at the front.

From the foregoing specification it will be seen that I produce arailway-head which is well adapted to the evening of the larger andsmaller variations in the size and weight of the material passingthrough it with equal facility and that I accomplish all thebeforeindicated objects of the invention by improvemeuts'which aresimple, reliable, and effective for the purposes intended. Further thanthis, it will also be seen therefrom that by reason of the connection ofthe front drawing and calender rolls with the drivingshaft of themachine through the upright shaft and the various gears I avoid theusual irregular speed of rotation of these parts due to the slipping ofthe driving-belts and produce a machine in which their operation ispositively efiected.

Although in the foregoing I have described the best means contemplatedby me for carrying my invention into practice, I Wish it distinctlyunderstood that I do not limit myself strictly thereto, as it is obviousthat I may modify the same in various ways without departing from thespirit thereof-as, for instance, instead of using a trumpet in rear ofthe calender-rolls and a similar trumpet in rear of the back rolls Imay, if I so desire, employ but a single trumpet, which in that casewill be arranged in rear of the calenderrolls. Again, while I have shownand explained my improvements as applied to railway-heads, so called,itis manifest that many of the features may be employed with equaladvantage in connection with drawingframes and other forms of machinerymade use of to effect the transformation of cotton fiber into yarn, andI intend so to apply them. Again, instead of employing a cylindrical andI a conical drum I may, if I so desire, employ two conical drums-asshown, forinstance, in my before-mentioned Letters Patent.

Having now described my invention and specified certain of the ways inwhich it is or may be carried into effect, I claim- 1'. The combinationwith the-front drawin grolls, the calender-rolls, and the evenermechanism belt-shifter, of the main driving-shaft, an upright shaftdriven thereby, connections from said upright shaft to the frontdrawingroll and to the calender-rolls and to the said belt-shifter foroperating them positively, and means located both in the rear of thecalender-rolls and of the drawing-rolls for controlling the movementsand position of the belt-shifter according to the size and Weight of thematerial passing to either or both of said sets of rolls.

2.v The combination with the frontdrawingrollshaving connections withthe main driving-shaft for positively driving them at a. constant speedtherefrom, of the rear drawingrolls also having positive drivingconnections with the main shaft, the calender-rolls, devicesfor varyingthe speed of the rear drawing-rolls relatively to the speed of the frontdrawing-rolls, and means located both in the rear of the calender-rollsandof the drawingrolls. for controlling the variation of speed of thedrawing-rolls according to the size and weight of the material passingtothe calenderrolls or to the drawing-rolls.

3. Thecombinationwiththefrontdrawingrolls and the calender-rolls bothhaving connections with the main driving-shaft for the drawing-rolls orthe calender-rolls, substantially as described.

4. The combination with the drawing-rolls, of a cylindrical drum, aconical drum, the cylindrical drum being mounted to swing toward andfrom the conical drum, a belt connecting the two drums, a belt-shiftermounted and arranged as explained whereby to travel back and forth indirections parallel with the face of the conical drum, means forpositively driving the swinging cylindrical drum in whatever posit-ionit may be, and devices for communicating motion from the conical drum tothe drawing-rolls, substantially as described.

5. The combination, with the drawing-rolls and an evener mechanism forvarying the speed thereof, said evener mechanism including a cylindricaldrum, a conical drum, a belt, a belt-shifter, and devices forcommunicating a variable traverse to the said beltshifter, substantiallyas described.

6. The combination with the evener mechanism belt-shifter, of a diskhaving a cam or snail wheel connected thereto foroperating the shifter,and means for moving the disk in either direction and supportingit withthe cam or snail wheel in proper position with respect to the shifter,the action of the cam or snail wheel being in the direction of the planeof the disk, substantially as described.

7. The combination with the evener mechanism belt-shifter, of a disk,means for communicating movement to said disk in either direction, and acam or snail wheel connected with the disk and with the shifter foroperating the latter, the action of the camor snail wheel being in thedirection of the, plane of the disk and the curve of the said camvarying substantially in the manner and. for the purposes set forth.

8. The combination, with drawing-rolls and an evener mechanism, of anintermediate deck or plate located above the evener mechanism to protectthe belt thereof. and other parts from the dropping of oil thereon,substantially as described.

9. The combinatiomwith the evener mechanism, of thed-isk movable ineither direction and carrying the cam or snail wheel having connectionsfor imparting movement to the belt-shifter of the evener mechanism, a,deck or plate above the disk, a. wheel located above said plate andprojecting through it and con nected with said disk, and devices foroperating said wheel, substantially as described;

10. The combination with the ratchetwheel, a deck or plate, and a cam orsnail wheel supported thereby, of a pawl-carrier alsosupported by suchdeck or plate and pro- 'vided with pawls and means for reciprocatingthis carrier, shields or baffle-plates interposed between the pawlsandthe teeth of the ratchet, a movable frame carrying said shields orbaffle plates, and means for controllingithe position of said frame andbaftle-platesfromthematerial being acted upon, substantially asdescribed.

11. The combination with the pawl-andratchet devices, and a diskcarrying a cam operated from such devices, the cam being adapted to actin the direction of the plane of the disk, of a stud rising from saiddisk, a frame mounted on said stud and having shields or baffie-platesfor controlling the action of the pawls, and means for moving said frameon the stud, substantially as described 12. The combination, with thedisk carrying the curved cam flange or scroll, of stationary guide-rods,and a belt-shifter mounted and movable upon said guide-rods and carryinga swiveled plate, said plate being provided with studs to'bear upon eachside of the flange, substantially as described.

13. The combination, with the trumpet, a shaft to which it is connected,and an evener mechanism, of a bar connected with the shaft, a slidingweight mounted on said bar, a screw for moving the weight back andforth, and gear connections between said screw and the evener mechanism,the said screw having re duced ends to prevent excessive movement of thesaid weight on the screw, substantially as described.

14. The combination,with the trumpet, and the bar connected therewith,of the sliding weight mounted upon said bar, and having the inclined ribon the side thereof, and fixed studs or projections with which this ribengages when moved in either direction, to raise or lower the weight,substantially as described.

15. The combination, with the front and rear trumpets, of the rodconnecting them and having a slot and recess at one end for engaging apin connected with the frame of one of the trumpets, to permit thelatter to swing or be swung back when required, substantially as shownand described;

- 16. The combination, with an evenermechanism including two drums, abelt connecting the two drums and means for shifting the belt to obtainvariations in speed, of swinging arms, for supporting one of said drumsand a weight connected with the arms to swing the said drum away fromthe other drum to keep the belt under a constant tension at any of thepositions to which it may be shifted, as set forth.

17. Thecombination,withthedriving-drum of the evener mechanism mountedin journaled arms constituting a swinging cradle, of a weight havingconnections with a shaft and operating to turn the same in onedirection, and connections between the said shaft and the arms of thecradle, whereby the downward tendency of the weight Will elevate theouter ends of the cradle arms, substantially as shown and described.

18. The combination, with a trumpet having a movable jaw or section forvarying the size of the opening through the trumpet, of connections withthe said jaw adapted to move the same, said connections being of amaterial adapted to be changed in its dimensions by changes inatmospheric temperature and humidity, substantially as described.

19. Thecombinatiomwithatrumpet-mount ed in a swinging bow, of a secondbow applied upon the first, the arms of the latter carrying blocks ofexpansiblc and contractible material bearing against the movable jaw ofthe trumpet, substantially as shown and for the purposes setforth.

20. The combination, with the belt-shipper and its spring, of aconstantly-moving eccentric, the reciprocating bar connected at one endwith the band thereof and having an inclined slot in the other end, arocking lever connected with the reciprocating bar by a pin enteringsaid slot, and a hooked piece over which the material passing to themachine rides, said hooked piece being arranged to arrest the rockinglever when the mass of material passing to the machine breaks, and thusto elevate the outer end of the reciprocating bar and thereby releasethe shipper-rod, substantially as and for the purposes set forth.

In testimony whereof I have hereunto set my hand this 29th day of March,1899.

ARTHUR W. MATHEWSON. Witnesses:

FRANKLIN M. DREW, GEORGE W. BELT.

